Generalized amnesia: People with generalized amnesia are unable to remember anything from their entire life history or from the time of an initial traumatic event and may be unable to recall their identity.Selective amnesia: People with selective amnesia are unable to remember some details from a certain time.Localized amnesia: People with localized amnesia are unable to remember all the details from a certain time.Dissociative amnesia can also be classified into one of three types: The type and duration of memory loss can vary among people. People with dissociative amnesia may appear relatively unconcerned about their symptoms, but others may see symptoms of dissociative amnesia, described by the inability to remember events, one's identity, and bewildered wandering. In others, sometimes referred to as covert dissociative amnesia, people may have gaps in memories of their lives and may remember some but not all details from specific time periods. In some forms, sometimes referred to as overt dissociative amnesia, the person may be unable to remember all details from a period of their lives or from their entire lives. If dissociative amnesia is still possible, your doctor will likely refer you to a psychiatrist or psychologist. You should visit your primary care physician, who can begin an evaluation and rule out other diseases that could cause these symptoms. Treatments focus on creating a safe environment for the individual, psychotherapy (talk therapy), possible medication-induced hypnosis, and medications for mood. It also can result in a struggle with one's identity, as well as experiencing a bewildered state of wandering, called a dissociative fugue. Symptoms include memory loss that can vary in severity from details to entire gaps of time. #Dissociative amnesia treatment how to#Generally, people with dissociative amnesia remember new facts and how to perform daily activities. It affects about one percent to three percent of people in the general population and has a few main forms that have different effects. All rights reserved.Dissociative amnesia is a condition in which a person becomes unable to remember events from a part of their life. Further research is needed into its neurobiology, course, treatment options, and strategies to improve differential diagnoses.Ĭopyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. At present, no evidence-based treatments are available for dissociative amnesia and no broad framework exists for its rehabilitation. Functional neuroimaging studies of dissociative amnesia with prevailing retrograde memory impairments show changes in the network that subserves autobiographical memory. Anterograde dissociative amnesia occurring without significant retrograde memory impairments is rare. Most dissociative amnesias are retrograde, with memory impairments mainly involving the episodic-autobiographical memory domain. The accompanying clinical features differ across cultural groups. Symptoms and disease course also vary, indicating a possibly heterogeneous disorder. The prevalence of dissociative amnesia differs substantially across countries and populations. Additionally, preliminary data suggest that affected people have an increased and possibly underestimated suicide risk. Dissociative amnesia is characterised by functional impairment. In this report, we review new data about the epidemiology, neurobiology, and neuroimaging of dissociative amnesia and show how advances in memory research and neurobiology of dissociation inform proposed pathogenetic models of the disorder. In the past two decades, interest in the understanding of its pathophysiology has surged. Dissociative amnesia is one of the most enigmatic and controversial psychiatric disorders.
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